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2013 Pacific hurricane season
The 2013 Pacific hurricane season was a very active season, although most of the storms remained weak. It officially began on May 15, 2013 in the Eastern Pacific and started on June 1, 2013 in the Central Pacific. Both ended on November 30, 2013. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the eastern Pacific basin. However, the formation of a storm is possible at any time.
The second storm of the season, Hurricane Barbara, brought widespread heavy rains to much of Southwestern Mexico and Central America. Damage estimates from the storm range from $750,000 to $1 million (2013 USD); four people were killed and four others are reportedly missing. In addition to Barbara, Hurricane Cosme killed three people despite remaining far offshore the Mexican coast. Hurricane Erick also brought slight effects to the region as well, killing two people. Later that month, Tropical Storm Flossie threatened to become the first storm to make a "direct hit" on Hawaii in 20 years, causing minimal damage. Ivo and Juliette both threatened Baja California Sur, and the former triggered flash floods across the Southwestern United States. In mid-September, Hurricane Manuel killed at least 169 people in Mexico, and was responsible for significant damage to the western coast and the area around Acapulco. In late October, Hurricane Raymond became the strongest storm of the season.
==Seasonal forecasts==
On May 21, the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) released its forecast for tropical activity across the Central Pacific during 2013. In its report, the organization predicted a 70 percent chance of a below-average season, a 25 percent chance of a near-average season, and a 5 percent chance of an above-average season, equating to 1–3 tropical cyclones across the basin. An average season yields 4–5 tropical cyclones. This forecast was based primarily on the expectation of Neutral El Niño Southern Oscillation conditions and a continuation of the positive Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation.
Two days later, the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) issued its forecast for tropical activity across the East Pacific during 2013. With near or below average sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific and a continuation of the climate pattern responsible for the ongoing era of low Pacific hurricane activity that began in 1995, the organization called for a 55 percent chance of a below-average season, a 35 percent chance of a near-average season, and a 10 percent chance of an above-average season. In total, the CPC predicted 11–16 named storms, 5–8 hurricanes, and 1–4 major hurricanes; an average season yields 15.4 named storms, 8.4 hurricanes, and 3.9 major hurricanes. Both the CPHC and CPC stressed the importance of being prepared prior to the start of the season, noting that significant tropical cyclones can occur even in below-average seasons.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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